According the Chicago Style Manual (16th ed.), "The order in which they appear will vary slightly according to type of book, and certain elements are sometimes omitted."
1. Author: full name of author(s) or editor(s) or, if no author or editor is listed name of institution standing in their place.
2. Title: full title of the book including subtitle if there is one.
3. Editor, compiler, or translator, if any if listed on title page in addition to author.
4. Edition, if not the first.
5. Volume: total number of volumes if multivolume work is referred to as a whole; individual number is single volume of multivolume work is cited, and title of individual volume if applicable.
6. Series title if applicable, and volume number within series if series is numbered.
7. Facts of publication: city, publisher, and date.
8. Page number or numbers if applicable.
9. For electronic books consulted online, a URL, or DOI, or for other types of electronic books, an indication of the medium consulted (e.g., DVD, CD-ROM, Database name)
One author:
Clothier, Suzanne. Bones would Rain from the Sky: Deepening Our Relationships with Dogs. New York: Warner Books, 2002.
One editor:
Smith, Nicole, ed. How to Fix Absolutely Anything: A Homeowner's Guide. New York: Skyhorse Publishing, 2014.
Translated:
Hitler, Adolf. Mein Kampf. Translated by Ralph Manheim. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1971.
Multiple authors (list up to 10 authors):
Kristof, Nicholas D., and Sheryl WuDunn. Half the Sky: Turning Oppression into Opportunity for Women Worldwide. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2009.
Multiple editors (list up to 10 editors):
Kechum, Richard M., and J. H. Plumb, eds. The Horizon Book of the Renaissance. New York: American Heriage Publishing, Co., 1961.
Corporate author:
Commission on the Bicentennial of the United States Consititution. The Bill of Rights and Beyond, 1791-1991. Washington, D.C.: Commission on the Bicentennial of the United States Consititution, 1991.
Edition:
University of Chicago Press. The Chicago Manual of Style. 16th ed. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2010.
No author (start with the title of the book):
The Little Red Book. Rev. ed. Center City, MN: Hazelden, 1987.
eBook from a database with permanent URL access:
Gupta, Ravi, and Hugh Brooks. Using Social Media for Global Security. New York: John Wiley & Sons, 2013. http://site.ebrary.com/lib/dixie/detail.action?docID=10653846&p00=social+media.
eBook from a database:
Cowie, Fiona. What's Within?: Nativism Reconsidered. New York: Oxford University Press, 1999. Accessed March 4, 2015. EBSCOhost Books.
eBook from a website:
Twain, Mark. Adventures of Huckleberry Finn (Tom Sawyer's Comrade). New York: Charles L. Webster and Co., 1885. http://www.gutenberg.org/files/76/76-h/76-h.htm.
eBook downloaded from a Kindle:
Austen, Jane. Pride and Prejudice. New York: Penguin Classics, 2007. Kindle edition.
eBook with DOI:
Antokoletz, Elliot. Musical Symbolism in the Operas of Debussy and Bartok. New York: Oxford University Press, 2008. Accessed March 10, 2010. http://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195365825.001.0001.
Chapter or other part of a book:
Kelly, John D. “Seeing Red: Mao Fetishism, Pax Americana, and the Moral Economy of War.” In Anthropology and Global Counterinsurgency, edited by John D. Kelly, Beatrice Jauregui, Sean T. Mitchell, and Jeremy Walton, 67–83. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2010.
Chapter of an edited volume originally published elsewhere (as in primary sources):
Cicero, Quintus Tullius. “Handbook on Canvassing for the Consulship.” In Rome: Late Republic and Principate, edited by Walter Emil Kaegi Jr. and Peter White. Vol. 2 of University of Chicago Readings in Western Civilization, edited by John Boyer and Julius Kirshner, 33–46. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1986. Originally published in Evelyn S. Shuckburgh, trans., The Letters of Cicero, vol. 1 (London: George Bell & Sons, 1908).
Preface, foreword, introduction, or similar part of a book:
Rieger, James. Introduction to Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus, by Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley, xi–xxxvii. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1982.
Trombetta, Domenico Luca. "Early Music Influences in Paul Hindemith's Compositions for the Viola." DMA thesis, James Madison University, 2014.